Focusing on the core issue of “how to construct a modern credit system with Chinese characteristics that supports the financial powerhouse strategy, ” this paper follows an analytical framework of “ideological roots-practical trends-path construction. ” It reviews the origins and integration of Chinese and Western credit theories, compares the credit system practices of major financial powerhouses, and, based on the background of digital-intelligent transformation and national strategic orientation, proposes a systematic path for China's credit system development. The study finds that the theoretical foundation of a credit system with Chinese characteristics lies in achieving the “triadic integration” of China's excellent traditional credit culture, the basic economic system with Chinese socialist characteristics, and the digitalized technology. It must transcend any single theoretical paradigm to construct a composite framework featuring government-market synergy, a combination of the rule of law and moral governance, and domestic-international coordination. Regarding practical trends, the credit system should be developed towards a higher level of legalization and standardization, deeper digital-intelligent integration, greater synergy and inclusive resilience, and more proactive international engagement and rule leadership, thereby forming an institutional combination that is both efficient and resilient. Facing the new era, efforts should be made to synergistically advance the top-level legal design, unified data infrastructure development, intelligent and equitable technology application, cultivation of diverse market entities, nurturing of a culture and ethics of integrity, and enhancement of international rule-making discourse power, so as to systematically forge the credit cornerstone for a financial powerhouse.