The Decision on Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reform endorsed by the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Chinese Communist Partys Central Committee in November 2013 clearly lays out the direction of Chinese rural collective land reform.This paper points out that rural collective land reform is conducive not only to the establishment of urbanrural construction land market，the integration of urbanrural development and the endowment of farmers property rights，but also to the prevention of the land acquisition corruption of rural cadres and the promotion of social harmony.When being implemented，rural collective land reform should be clear on land property rights，land circulation and price and rights for urban and rural lands should be on equal footing.In the meantime，rural land reform should effectively resolve the issues of land acquisition and further improve land compensation system，the former of which has put the rural land reform at risk.