Environmental resources are a kind of public resource. Conventional mode of economic growth has brought about serious environmental pollution, which seriously restricts the economic growth and development of our country. It is difficult to maintain the traditional quantity type of economic growth, hence it is imperative to change the existing mode of economic growth. The paper analyses the logical relationship between environmental crisis and economic categories from the perspectives of scarcity, wants, market mechanism, resource allocation etc. The result indicates that traditional economics is not suitable to guide people’s economic activities and new economics should be established, of which the scarcity of environmental resources is needed to be introduced into the economic system and gradually becomes endogenous variable of economic system, so as to widen the study field of economics.