The allocation of educational resources by government is a major determinant of human capital formation, and the contribution of human capital to economic growth is different in different quantity and quality. Under the influence of regional economic development, there are significant differences in the quantity and quality of human capital in the eastern, central and western districts of China. In order to make an in-depth investigation on the contribution of educational human capital to economic growth, we make an empirical test in the eastern, central and western districts on the basis of the fact that the educational human capital is divided into basic education and higher education. The results show that the faster the economy develops, the higher educational human capital contributes to economic growth. Given this information, policy makers should enhance public expenditure budget in education and develop all kinds of education, with the aim of building human capital that has a positive impact on economic growth.