The establishment of national cultural export bases is not only a part of the Chinese culture “going global”, but also an important initiative to build a strong socialist cultural country, so it is of practical significance to assess its impact and explore the influence mechanism. Relying on the theory of heterogeneous enterprises, we propose a complete path for national cultural export bases to promote related enterprises to “go global”, and conduct an empirical study by utilizing the data of domestic cultural listed companies from 2012 to 2022. The results show that: after the establishment of the national cultural export base, the overseas business income of the cultural enterprises in the base increases significantly; the promotion effect of the national cultural export base on the overseas business of the cultural enterprises is not only sustaining in time, but also spatially overflowed, and there is heterogeneity in the region, property rights and enterprise types; the tax relief preferential treatment and the investment of human capital play the role of influencing mechanism. The research in this paper provides a new way of thinking for realizing the goal of “cultural self-confidence”.