The green attribute is the core feature of new quality productive forces, and promoting the development of green new quality productive forces is the key to achieving the synergistic high-quality development of the economy and ecology. Based on the panel data of 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2023, this paper empirically tests the relationship between government environmental auditing and regional green new quality productive forces, and further explores the empowering effect of government audit informatization construction on this relationship and its mechanism of action. The research finds that government environmental auditing can significantly drive the development of regional green new quality productive forces, and the empowerment of government audit informatization construction further strengthens this driving effect. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the above empowering effect is more significant in the western and northeastern regions, regions with a high level of digital economy development, and regions with a high level of local government public data openness. Mechanism analysis indicates that government environmental auditing drives the development of regional green new quality productive forces by strengthening environmental governance motivation, improving environmental law enforcement intensity, and promoting regional green low-carbon transformation; government audit informatization construction empowers government environmental auditing to further drive the development of regional green new quality productive forces by following the progressive transmission path of “technology-cognition-capability-action”. The research conclusions provide important empirical evidence and policy references for audit authorities to implement the strategy of “strengthening auditing through technology” and empower the cultivation of green new quality productive forces with audit modernization.