Using the pollution data of PM10, SO2 and NO2 in 104 cities from 2003 to 2015 and pollution data of PM2.5, CO and O3 in 30 provincial capitals from 2013 to 2016 as air pollution variables, constructing simultaneous equations considering the interaction between growth and pollution, this paper tests the existence of “the inverted U-shape” Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC) with the increase of per capita GDP, based on Three-stage Least Square method (3SLS). The results show that the relationship between concentration of the six kinds of air pollutants and economic growth presents inverted U-shaped curves. The pollution concentration of SO2, PM10, CO and O3 has crossed the maximum-pollution turning point, which indicates that China has made a great achievement in controlling the point source air pollutants in recent years. On the other hand, the pollution concentration of NO2 and PM2.5 has not crossed the maximum pollution turning point, that is, the degrees of pollution are still on the increasing stages with the economic growth.