Based on the theory of resource dependence， using A-share listed company from 2011 to 2016 as a research sample， this paper explores the logical relationship between board capital and internationalization strategy of enterprise from the perspective of depth and breadth capital of board of directors， and further tests the influence of CEO duality on board capital and enterprise internationalization strategy. The study finds that the board’s depth capital and breadth capital have significant positive effects on the internationalization strategy of enterprises. The impact of CEO duality significantly increases the positive relationship between board capital and internationalization strategy. The conclusion shows that the differences in depth capital of board， breadth capital of board and the leadership structure of CEO duality are the important factors leading to the differences of internationalization strategies among enterprises.