Based on the survey data of the A share listed companies in 2012 in China and other open financial data of these companies, we adopt the structural equation models to empirically analyze the effect of core stakeholders social capital on the efficiency of listed companies financial governance and respectively from the angle of core stakeholders such as shareholders, managers and employees to study their social capital on the role of the financial governance efficiency of listed companies. The results indicate that among the core stakeholders, the social capital of shareholders and operators can significantly affect the efficiency of companys financial governance, while the social capital of employees has no significant influence on the four variables of the corporate financial performance.