This paper embed partial equilibrium model among commercial bank portfolios concluding interbank business, profits and the term structure of interest rates into DSGE model which mainly included family, capital investors, commercial banks, Intermediate and final manufacturers. Then it respectively analyzed the influence of maturity mismatch risk of commercial banks, monetary policy instruments and economic growth on the term structure of interest rates. The results showed that the shocks of commercial banks risk mismatch and economic growth factors had the greatest impact on the term structure of interest rates, followed by quantity-based monetary policy tools, the price-based monetary policy rules.