The field of public participation is broadening and the effectiveness of public participation has become an important research topic. Government has been emphasizing the role of the public in the socialist democratic political system, especially in the field of anti-corruption and national supervision. Based on this, this paper selects the government audit in the national supervision system as the research situation to verify the role of the public participation. The empirical results find that corruption governance of government audit prevention and resistance functions is generally better in areas with high public participation than in areas with low public participation. The corruption governance of government audit revealing function has no difference between the these two areas. This paper provides a new perspective for government audit function research and further provides a theoretical support for public participation in the field of national supervision system and corrupt governance.