In this paper, we first examine the impact of OFDI reverse technology spillover on China’s energy efficiency from both theoretical and empirical perspectives, and based on the panel data of 30 provinces(municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions)in China from 2002 to 2016, we used the DEA game cross-efficiency model to calculate the energy efficiency of 30 provinces((municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions)under the carbon emission constraints, then, we use the dynamic panel GMM model to analyze the dynamic relationship between the OFDI reverse technology spillover and the regional energy efficiency by selecting 7 kinds of control variables, such as technological progress and industrial structure. The results show that: OFDI reverse technology spillover had a positive effect on regional energy efficiency, and its increase of 1% would bring 0. 0613% improvement of energy efficiency. Among other control variables, technological progress, industrial structure optimization, energy structure optimization and foreign direct investment play a positive role in energy efficiency, the level of urbanization had a negative effect on energy efficiency, the level of human capital and the degree of opening to the outside world had a no significant positive effect on energy efficiency. The above findings provide empirical evidence for the formulation of regional energy saving and emission reduction policies under the background of “one belt and one road”.