Under the innovation driven development strategy, more R&D investment(modern cost drivers）is required for companies to promote the process of innovation. However, the high risk of innovation leads to market failure, which requires policy support to guide innovation investment. Through statistical description or empirical research, this paper finds that preferential tax policies are more effective in increasing enterprises (especially private ones ）innovation investment than accounting policies, and also promotes enterprises to improve relevant accounting data. For state owned enterprises, the innovation investment grows faster after the implementation of the innovation strategy. Besides, the improvement of accounting policy and data plays an important role in supporting the examination for the implementation of tax policy. Compared with the preferential income tax rate, the policy of additional deduction of R&D expenses performs better in promoting high tech enterprises investment in research and development, making high tech enterprises more inclined to expense the R&D investment. To be specified, high tech enterprises in the growth stage are more inclined to capitalize the R & D investment; while those in mature stage prefer to make it expensed. In general, profits are a better motivator for the expensing of R&D investment than liabilities, especially in high risk research stages.