Based on the perspective of new structural economics, taking the development of the China’s audit market from 2001 to 2019 as a specific research scenario, this paper discusses the impact of infrastructure construction on the auditing market development in China and finds that, the improvement of the infrastructure has weakened the influence of the geographical distance on the choice of accounting firm by listed companies, and improved the low concentration characteristics of the early audit market in China. Correspondingly, the distance between the firm and the audit client is increasing, and the firm’s customer coverage of the city (province) is also increasing. The spillover effect of infrastructure construction can also significantly improve the quality of audit and play a positive role in improving the information environment of the capital market. As a response to the improvement of audit quality, listed companies have adopted more covert earnings management method.