Improving supply chain resilience and security level is an important support for promoting high quality economic development, and the reform of information disclosure supervision model provides a new opportunity for shaping a diversified supply chain system. Taking Shanghai and Shenzhen Ashare listed companies in China from 2010 to 2023 as research samples, this paper takes industry information disclosure guidelines as a quasinatural experiment. Based on the transaction cost theory, this paper adopts multitime point PSMDID method to investigate the impact mechanism, heterogeneous situation and final economic consequences of the reform of information disclosure supervision model on the diversification of enterprise supply chain configuration. Research has found that information disclosure supervision model by industry can promote the diversification of enterprise supply chain configuration by strengthening corporate reputation and improving the comparability of accounting information. Heterogeneity analysis shows that when the supply chain risk level is high, the industry information sensitivity is strong, and the degree of marketization is high, the information disclosure supervision model by industry has a more significant promoting effect on the diversification of enterprise supply chain configuration. The economic consequences test found that the information disclosure supervision model by industry can promote the diversification of enterprise supply chain configuration, thereby dispersing operational risks and empowering sustainable development of enterprises. This paper holds a useful discussion on the implementation effect of the reform of information disclosure supervision model, and provides theoretical reference and practical enlightenment on how to enhance supply chain resilience to build a new development pattern in China.